MATRIX METHODS
OF
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

[THEORY, EXAMPLES AND PROGRAMS]
by
Dr. A. S. Meghre
and
S. K. Deshmukh

This book is intended for a beginner with elementary knowledge of structural mechanics and Fortran Programming. Stiffness and flexibility methods are commonly known as matrix methods. Of these, the stiffness method using member approach is amenable to computer programming and is widely used for structural analysis.

The emphasis in the book is on explaining basic fundamentals of this approach and on developing programs. This is achieved through extremely simple style of presentation in lucid language and proceeding in stages from simple to complex structures. Unified theory with a single complex program is totally avoided. Instead, each skeletal structure is discussed in a separate chapter with simple, short and transparent program. Theory is presented in matrix notations along with clear mention of scalar components for proper understanding of the physical quantities. Illustrative solved examples explain data preparation, data file and interpretation of the results. Alternate possibilities of data preparation are mentioned and used. The information about data generation, skyline storage, variable dimensioning and frontal technique is intentionally presented separately at a later stage to help reader in modifying initial simple programs.

The treatment of flexibility and direct stiffness method is limited to introduction of elementary concepts. Transfer matrix method, plastic analysis by stiffness method and sub-structure method are included as additional topics of interest. A chapter is devoted to present an alternate view of stiffness method as a variational approach. Non-linear structural behaviour and techniques commonly adopted to evaluate non-linear response are discussed. Formulae for displacements in beams and restraining actions are included in Appendices A and B. Appendix C discusses various methods of solution of simultaneous algebraic equations. Exercises are included at the end of each chapter.

The book will be useful to undergraduate and postgraduate civil engineering students and also to those preparing for competitive examinations.
Price : Rs. 200-00 $ 15-00 £ 10-00
Edition : First Edition : 2003
ISBN : 81-85594-08-2
Book Size : 170 mm × 240 mm
Binding : Paperback with Four Colour Jacket Cover
Pages : 540 + 12


DETAILED CONTENTS

Chapter 1 : Introduction

1-1
1-2
1-3
1-4
1-5
1-6
1-7
1-8
General
Classification of structures
Conditions of structural analysis
Methods of analysis
Degree of static indeterminancy

Degree of kinematic indeterminancy
Force and displacement
Force displacement relations
Exercises

Chapter 2 : FLEXIBILITY METHOD

2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
General
Flexibility method
Calculation of displacements
Examples of statically indeterminate structures
General approach in flexibility method

Examples
Concluding remarks
Exercises

Chapter 3 : STIFFNESS METHOD

3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-6
3-7
3-8
3-9
General
Continuous beam (I)
Frames without sway and axial deformations

Total joint load
Bar assembly

Spring assembly
Shaft

Continuous beam (II)
Concluding remarks

Exercises

Chapter 4 : PLANE TRUSS

4-1
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-5
4-6
4-7
4-8
4-9
4-10
4-11
4-12
4-13
4-14
4-15
4-16
4-17
4-18
4-19
4-20
4-21
4-22
4-23
4-24
General
Stiffness matrix of a member
Joint equilibrium equations
Member force
Examples

Member stiffness matrix – alternate approach
Preliminaries to program
Flow chart
Data
Data file
Results
Computer program TRUSS1.FOR
Listing of program TRUSS1.FOR
Stiffness matrix in half band form
Computer program TRUSS2.FOR
Examples using TRUSS2.FOR
Listing of program TRUSS2.FOR
Reactions and boundary conditions
Data type II
Computer program TRUSS3.FOR
Examples using TRUSS3.FOR
Listing of program TRUSS3.FOR
Analysis of symmetric trusses
Inclined support
Exercises

Chapter 5 : SPACE TRUSS

5-1
5-2
5-3

5-4
5-5
5-6
5-7

5-8
5-9
5-10
General
Stiffness matrix of a member
Equilibrium of a joint

Axial force in member
Illustrative example
Computer program STRUSS.FOR
Listing of program STRUSS.FOR

Examples using program
Stiffness matrix of a member - alternate approach

Establishing member axes
Exercises

Chapter 6 : PLANE FRAME

6-1
6-2
6-3
6-4
6-5
6-6
6-7
6-8
6-9
6-10
6-11
6-12
6-13
General
Stiffness matrix of a member
Joint equilibrium conditions

Member forces
Numerical example

Flow chart
Computer program PFRAME.FOR

Listing of program PFRAME.FOR
Examples using program

Internal hinge in member
Neglecting axial deformations

Inclined roller support
Cable supported beam

Exercises

Chapter 7 : grid

7-1
7-2
7-3

7-4
7-5

7-6
7-7

7-8
7-9
General
Stiffness matrix of a member
Joint equilibrium conditions

Member forces
Torsion constant

Examples
Computer program GRID.FOR

Listing of program GRID.FOR
Examples using program

Exercises

Chapter 8 : SPACE FRAME

8-1
8-2
8-3
8-4
8-5
8-6
8-7

8-8
8-9

8-10
General
Stiffness matrix of a member
Joint equilibrium conditions

Fixed end reactions
Member forces

Data type III
Computer program SFRAME.FOR
Listing of program SFRAME.FOR
Examples

Examples using program SFRAME
Exercises

Chapter 9 : ADDITIONAL TOPICS – I

9-1
9-2
9-3
9-4
9-5
9-6
9-7
9-8
9-9
9-10
General
Half band width
Joint-code relations from fixity data

Joint load data and load vector
Group wise data

Data generation
Storage schemes and memory requirement
Out-of-core methods
Frontal solution method

Variable dimensioning
Exercises

Chapter 10 : ADDITIONAL TOPICS – II

10-1
10-2
10-3
10-4
10-5

10-6
10-7
Effects of member loads, temperature and lack of fit in trusses
Elastic supports
Direct approach in stiffness method

Super element
Sub-structure method of analysis

Plastic analysis
Transfer matrix method
Exercises

Chapter 11 : ADDITIONAL TOPICS – III

11-1
11-2
11-3
11-4
11-5
11-6
11-7
11-8
11-9
11-10
11-11

11-12
Stiffness method as a variational approach
Strain energy
Potential of loads

Total potential energy
Minimum potential energy theorem

Loaded member – strain energy and potential of loads
Equilibrium equations and energy minimisation conditions

Interpolation and shape functions
Member stiffness matrix using assumed displacements

Equivalent joint loads using shape functions
Introduction to finite element method

Triangular element for plane stress analysis
Exercises

Chapter 12 : NON-LINEAR ANALYSIS

12-1
12-2
12-3
12-4
12-5
12-6
Linear and non-linear response
Secant and tangent stiffness matrices
Non-linear analysis
Non-linear behaviour of a truss
Non-linear analysis of truss

Program steps for non-linear analysis of truss
Exercises

APPENDICIES

APPENDIX A
  (A1) Slopes and deflections in beams
(Deflection positive downward, slope positive clockwise)
(A2) Combination of standard formulae
(Formulae for standard cases mentioned above can be used in combination to express slopes and deflections in some structures)
APPENDIX B
  (B1) Restraining actions in restrained member
APPENDIX C
  (C1) Simultaneous linear algebraic equations
(a)
(b)
Determinant method
Elimination methods
(b1)
(b2)
(b3)
(b4)
(b5)
(b6)
Gauss elimination method (row wise)
Row exchanges in Gauss elimination method
Gauss elimination for half banded matrix [HA]
Gauss-Jordon elimination method
Gauss method  column wise reduction of symmetric matrix [A]
Column wise reduction in skyline storage
(c) Methods based on decomposition of [A]
(c1)
(c2)
(c3)
(c4)
(c5)
Cholesky square root decomposition
Cholesky decomposition of half banded matrix
Gauss-Doolite decomposition of symmetric [A]
Gauss-Doolite decomposition of [HA]
Gauss-Doolite decomposition of [ASKY]
(d) Iteration methods
(d1)
(d2)
Gauss-Seidel iteration method
Iteration method with half banded matrix [HA]
(e)
(f)
Use of inverse
Multiple and subsequent right sides