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TOWN PLANNING by S. C. Rangwala Revised and Enlarged by K. S. Rangwala and P. S. Rangwala

The subject matter is expressed in a simple language and practical manner.

The treatment is clear, methodical as well as interesting and easy to follow.

The entire subject matter is canvassed in the chapters like:

* Introduction * Surveys * Zoning * Housing * Slums

* Parks and Playgrounds * Industries * Public buildings * Re-planning existing towns * Building bye-laws

* Development plan * Urban roads * Traffic management and * Miscellaneous topics

Appendix I and Appendix II discuss about India’s best planned cities — Chandigarh and Gandhinagar.

The book now contains:

*   47 * 260

Self-explanatory neat diagrams and more than Questions at the end of the chapters.

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Chapter 1   : INTRODUCTION

Chapter 2   : SURVEYS

Chapter 3   : ZONING

Chapter 4   : HOUSING

Chapter 5   : SLUMS

Chapter 6   : PARKS AND PLAYGROUNDS

Chapter 7   : INDUSTRIES

Chapter 8   : PUBLIC BUILDINGS

Chapter 9   : RE-PLANNING EXISTING TOWNS

Chapter 10 : BUILDING BYE-LAWS

Chapter 11 : DEVELOPMENT PLAN OR MASTER PLAN

Chapter 12 : URBAN ROADS

Chapter 13 : TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

Chapter 14 : MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS

APPENDICIES

1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4	General Evolution of planning Objects of town planning Economic justification for town planning
	(1) (2) (3) (4)	Change in quantity of resources Demand for goods and services Production techniques Redistribution of land values
1-5	Principles of town planning
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)	Green belt Housing Public buildings Recreation centres Road systems Transport facilities Zoning
1-6 1-7 1-8	Necessity of town planning Origin of towns Growth of towns
	(1) (2) (3) (4)	Aerial ports Railways Roadways Waterways
		I	Growth according to origin
			1 2	Natural growth Planned growth
		II	Growth according to direction
			1 2	Horizontal growth Vertical growth
1-9	Stages in town development
	(1) (2) (3) (4)	Basic village Rural town Service town Town
1-10 1-11	Personality of town Distribution of land uses
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)	Town centre Industrial area Residential area Open space Town periphery
1-12	Forms of planning
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)	Local planning Country planning Regional planning National planning International planning
1-13 1-14	Site for an ideal town Requirements of new towns
	(1) (2)	Function of the town Welfare of the people
1-15 1-16	Planning of the modern town Planning of military towns
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)	Density of development Employment Function, Housing Social grouping Status of individual Work places
1-17 1-18 1-19 1-20	Powers required to enforce T.P. schemes Cost of town planning Town planning in ancient India Indus valley civilization (IVC)
		Lothal
1-21	Present position of planning in India Questions Top>>

Chapter 2 : SURVEYS

2-1 2-2 2-3	General Necessity Collection of data
	I II III IV	Functional survey Social survey Territorial survey Vital survey
2-4	Types of surveys
	I II III IV	Preliminary survey National survey Regional survey Civic survey
2-5 2-6 2-7 2-8	Uses of surveys Methods adopted to collect data Drawings Report Questions Top>>

Chapter 3 : ZONING

3-1 3-2	Meaning of the term Uses of land
	(1) (2)	Profit-making uses of land Non-profit-making uses of land
3-3 3-4	Objects of zoning Principles of zoning
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)	Arrangement of zones Boundaries Existing towns Flexibility New towns
3-5	Advantages of zoning
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)	Danger from fire Future development General amenities Health of community Population distribution Public utility services
3-6 3-7	Importance of zoning Aspects of zoning
	(1) (2) (3)	Density zoning Height zoning Use zoning
3-8 3-9 3-10 3-11 3-12	Zonal plan for military towns Transition zone Economy of zoning Zoning powers Maps for zoning Questions Top>>

Chapter 4 : HOUSING

4-1 4-2 4-3	General Importance of housing Demand for houses
	(1) (2) (3)	Immobility Initial investment Other problems
4-4 4-5	Building site Requirements of residential buildings
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)	Height Location Orientation Parks Privacy Security Space Utility services Ventilation
4-6	Classification of residential buildings
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)	Detached houses Semi-detached houses Row of houses Apartments or flats Skyscrapers
4-7 4-8	Trends in multi-storeyed buildings Design of residential areas
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)	Aesthetics Basic materials Housing unit Layout Size and shape Street system
4-9	Rural housing
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)	Accommodation Drainage Drinking water Housing activity Institutional activities Other amenities
			Typical rural house
4-10	Low cost housing
		Use of alternative materials and techniques of construction in rural housing Pressed soil block Techniques for cost reduction in low cost housing
4-11	Rural housing boards
	(1) (2) (3)	Economic development Improvement Self-help
4-12 4-13 4-14	Gruh Laurie Baker Agencies for housing
	(1) (2) (3)	Government Co-operative housing societies Individuals
4-15 4-16 4-17 4-18 4-19	Investment in housing HUDCO HDFC LIC Housing Finance Limited CIDCO
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)	Administrative city centre Amusement park City centre Commuter rail projects Golf course International convention centre International technology park Navi Mumbai - Special Economic Zone (NMSEZ)
			Salient features of SEZ Advantages of Navi Mumbai SEZ (NMSEZ)
	(9)	Second international airport
4-20 4-21	Housing problem in India National housing policy
		Objectives of NHP Important features of NHP Criticism of NHP Conclusion
	Questions Top>>

Chapter 5 : SLUMS

5-1 5-2	General Causes of slums
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)	Decentralization Economic conditions Education Improper use of land Industrialization Lack of zoning Migrants Powers of local authority Repairs and maintenance
5-3	Characteristics of slums
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)	Appearance Fire hazards Health and sanitation Income criteria Morals Overcrowding Population Social isolation Way of life
5-4	Effects of slums
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)	Absence of amenities Health Surrounding locality Undesirable spots Working conditions
5-5	Slum clearance
	(1) (2)	Complete removal method Improvement method
5-6 5-7 5-8 5-9	Works of improvement Open plot scheme Slum clearance and rehousing Prevention of slum formation
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)	Cheap housing Compulsion to employers Construction of buildings Maintenance and repairs Rent restrictions Social education Unauthorized construction
5-10 5-11	Resources for slum clearance programmes The Indian slum Questions Top>>

Chapter 6 : PARKS AND PLAYGROUNDS

6-1 6-2	General Types of recreation
	(1) (2)	Passive type recreation or parks Active type recreation or playgrounds
6-3	Location of urban green spaces
	(1) (2) (3) (4)	Distribution Location Planning Site selection
6-4	Classification of parks
	(1) (2) (3)	According to character According to purpose According to size
6-5 6-6	Theme parks of America Park systems
	(1) (2) (3)	Belt or ring system Wedge or radial system Combination of belt and wedge systems
6-7	Park design
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)	Collection of data Commercial sports Division Facilities Marine parks Paths and walks Plantation Proportion of each type of recreation Views through trees Water
6-8	Finance for parks
	(1) (2) (3)	By donations By raising loan By spending from public fund
6-9 6-10 6-11	Parkways Boulevards Playgrounds
	(1) (2) (3) (4)	Children upto the age of 6 years Children at school Youths and adults Private clubs
6-12 6-13	Space standards Landscape architecture
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)	Continuous park system Selection of trees Size of trees Standard of living Street trees
	Questions Top>>

Chapter 7 : INDUSTRIES

7-1 7-2	General Classification of industries
	(1) (2) (3)	Manufacturing industries Miscellaneous industries Special industries
		I II III IV	Primary industries Secondary industries Tertiary industries Quaternary industries
7-3	Concentration of industries
		Reasons Advantages Disadvantages
7-4 7-5 7-6	Requirements of an industry Sitting of an industry Measures to control location of industries
	(1) (2) (3)	By developing industrial townships By granting concessions By imposing restrictions
7-7	Industrial townships
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)	Layout Management Services and amenities Site Size
7-8	Treatment of industrial wastes
		Characteristics of industrial wastes Treatment methods
	Questions Top>>

Chapter 8 : PUBLIC BUILDINGS

8-1 8-2	General Location of public buildings
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)	Foreground Grouping Monumental buildings Parking space Purpose
8-3	Classification of public buildings
	(1) (2) (3) (4)	Dependent buildings Independent buildings Institutional buildings Miscellaneous buildings
8-4	Principles of design of public buildings
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)	Adequate sites Approaches Business buildings Comprehensive study Education Fire stations Hospitals Markets Refuse disposal Shops Social and cultural centres
8-5	Town centres
	(1) (2) (3)	Business centres Civic centres Light shopping centres
8-6	Grouping of public buildings
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)	Administrative buildings Educational buildings Health institutions Recreation institutions Social institutions
8-7	Civic aesthetics
	(1) (2) (3)	Constructive measures Destructive measures Preventive measures
	Questions Top>>

Chapter 9 : RE-PLANNING EXISTING TOWNS

9-1 9-2 9-3 9-4 9-5	General Objects of re-planning Defects of existing towns Data to be collected Urban renewal projects
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)	Conservation Co-operation Development plan Finance Legislation Period of project Redevelopment Rehabilitation
9-6 9-7 9-8	Decentralization and recentralization Garden city Surface drains
		Shapes of surface drains
9-9	Refuse of town
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)	Garbage Sewage Storm water Subsoil water Sullage
	Questions Top>>

Chapter 10 : BUILDING BYE-LAWS

10-1	General
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)	Standard Norm Regulation Bye-law Law
10-2 10-3	Objects of bye-laws Importance of bye-laws
	(1) (2) (3)	Consultation with superior authority Consultation with subordinate authority Consultation with interested groups
10-4	Function of local authority
	(1) (2)	Building bye-laws Powers to architects
10-5	Responsibility of owner
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)	Surveyor Architect Engineer Structural designer Clerk of works
10-6	Applicability of bye-laws
	(1) (2) (3)	Additions and alterations to a building New construction Requirement of open space
10-7 10-8 10-9 10-10 10-11	Set-back Light plane Floor space index Off-street parking Fire protection
	(1) (2) (3)	Life and stair Water supply Special provisions
10-12 10-13	Minimum plot sizes Some other terms
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24)	Auditorium Basement or cellar Building unit Commercial building Consolidated open plot Domestic building Dwelling house Dwelling unit Hut Industrial building Loft Low-rise and high-rise buildings Mezzanine floor Office building Ownership tenement flats Pent House Porch or portico Public and semi-public building Row housing Semi-detached building Shopping centre Skip floor Tenement buildings Theatre and cinema
10-14 10-15	Principles underlying building bye-laws Building bye-laws for residential area of a typical town planning scheme
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18)	Permissible size of plots Built-up area Margins Area of rooms Plinth height Height of floors Projections in margins Cellar Loft Lift Ventilation Stair Minimum requirements Water supply Drainage Compound wall and gate Structural aspects Specifications for materials and workmanship
10-16	Bye-laws for cinemas, theatres, multiplex, meeting halls, lecture halls, town halls, auditorium, etc.
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18)	Air-condition Aisles (passages) Balcony Booking office and manager's room Doors Front open space Foyer and auditorium Location Parking Projection room Rewinding room Sanitary accommodations Screen Seats Size of plot Stairs Ventilation Water-room and snack bars
10-17	Bye-laws for drive-in cinemas
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)	Boundaries Entrance and exit Frontage Loud speaker poles Passage Projection room Rows of motor cars Screen Size of picture Width of bay
10-18	Bye-laws for gasoline feeling stations and gasoline feeling cum service station
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)	Entrance and exit consideration Location Parking Size Traffic requirements
	Questions Top>>

Chapter 11 : DEVELOPMENT PLAN OR MASTER PLAN

11-1 11-2 11-3 11-4 11-5 11-6 11-7 11-8 11-9 11-10 11-11 11-12 11-13

General Objects of development plan Necessity of development plan Data to be collected Drawings to be prepared Features of development plan Planning standards Development plan for military town Development plan for hill station Report Stages of preparation of development plan Method of execution of development plan Conclusion Questions Top>>

Chapter 12 : URBAN ROADS

12-1 12-2 12-3 12-4	General Objects of urban roads Requirements of a good city road Factors to be considered
	(1) (2) (3) (4)	Destination Importance of road Nature of traffic Use of road
12-5	Classification of urban roads
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)	Arterial roads Sub-arterial roads Local roads Streets Pathways
12-6	Types of street systems
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)	Rectangular street system Rectangular with superimposed diagonals street system Concentric street system Radial street system Combination of radial and rectangular street systems Irregular mediaeval street system Topographical street system Combination of rectangular and irregular street
12-7 12-8 12-9 12-10	Through and by-pass roads Outer and inner ring roads Expressways Freeways
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)	Access from adjacent properties Design and construction Entrances and exits Intersections at grade Location Traffic control
12-11 12-12	Precincts Road aesthetics Questions Top>>

Chapter 13 : TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

13-1 13-2 13-3 13-4	General Objects of traffic management Traffic surveys Traffic congestion
	(1) (2) (3)	General public Road users Transport personnel
13-5 13-6	Traffic control Road junctions or intersections
	(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)	Angle of crossing Camber Channelizing Entry speeds Gradient Importance of roads Kerbs Pedestrian traffic Simplicity Visibility
			Traffic islands Roundabouts or rotaries Grade separations
13-7 13-8 13-9 13-10 13-11 13-12	Parking Traffic capacity of roads Road traffic problems Road accidents Traffic signals Road signs
		Limitations of road signs Design and location of road signs
13-13 13-14	Road markings Street lighting in a town
		Lighting at intersections Lighting on curves
13-15 13-16	Traffic problems of existing towns Peculiarities of traffic Questions Top>>

Chapter 14 : MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS

General
14-1	Airports
		Location of an airport Size of an airport Noise control at airports Parts of an airport
14-2 14-3 14-4	Betterment and compensation City blocks Conurbations
	(1) (2) (3)	Employment Living standard Public amenities
14-5 14-6 14-7 14-8	Cul-de-sac streets Focal points Green belt Land use planning
		Definition
		(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)	Area allocation Central business district (CBD) Demography Land market Location Natural elements or resources Topography
14-9	Neighbourhood planning
		Principles of planning Importance Features of neighbourhood unit
14-10 14-11 14-12 14-13	Protective strips Public utility services Radburn layout Rapid transit
	(1) (2) (3)	Maintenance of roads Reduction in traffic congestion Reduction of running time
	Questions Top>>

APPENDICIES

APPENDIX I	:	Chandigarh
		1	Chandigarh
		2	Le Corbusier (1887-1965)
APPENDIX II	:	Gandhinagar
		1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20	Afforestation Capital complex Construction activities Drainage Electric supply Light industries Orientation of roads Parks and playgrounds Population Public buildings Public institutions Railways Residential area Road system Shopping centre Town centre Traffic system Water supply Width of roads Zonal centres Top>>