In this text-book, all the technical aspects and elementary principles about Construction of Structures and Management of Works have been discussed in a lucid manner and easy-to-follow style. It is characterised by the clear, methodical and
step-by-step treatment of the subject.

*   81 *   52 *   71 * 238

Self-explanatory and neat diagrams Solved problems Useful tables University-type questions at the end of each chapter.

The book in the present form will prove to be extremely useful to the students preparing for the Degree Examinations in Civil Engineering of all the Indian Universities, Diploma Examinations conducted by various Boards of Technical Education, Certificate Courses as well as for the A.M.I.E. and U.P.S.C. Examinations. It will also be of an immense use to practising Civil Engineers.

Price	:	Rs. 180-00
Edition	:	Third Revised and Enlarged Edition : 2000
Book Size	:	135 mm × 210 mm
Binding	:	Paperback with Four Colour Jacket Cover
Pages	:	304 + 16

CONTENTS

Chapter 1   : INTRODUCTION

Chapter 2   : CPM AND PERT

Chapter 3   : CONSTRUCTION OF DAMS

Chapter 4   : CONSTRUCTION OF MULTI-STOREYED BUILDINGS

Chapter 5   : ERECTION OF STEEL STRUCTURES

Chapter 6   : TUNNELLING

Chapter 7   : COMPRESSED AIR

Chapter 8   : CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS

Chapter 9   : CONSTRUCTION ACCIDENTS

Chapter 10 : MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION

Chapter 11 : CONSTRUCTION LABOUR

Chapter 12 : CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

Chapter 13 : ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Chapter 1 : INTRODUCTION

General Need for construction management
	Co-ordination between different agencies Development of manpower and machinery Economy in construction Speed of construction Quality control of materials and workmanship
Scope of construction management Aspect of construction management Job layout
	Availability of resources Location of project Medical facilities Method of execution Nature of project Services Welfare facilities
Engineer and construction economy Contractor and construction economy Construction cost
	Major factors
		Material cost Labour cost
	Minor factors
		Special equipment Place of work Nature of work Conditions of contract Profit of the contractor Specifications Site conditions Miscellaneous
Cost control records
	Material-cost record Material-cost statement Labour-cost record Labour-cost statement Time keeper field sheet Payroll record
Financing the project Cost index
	Approximate estimates Schedule of rates
Construction operations Stages in construction
	Pre-tender stage Post–tender stage
Planning the project
	Construction schedule Material schedule Equipment use schedule Labour schedule
Construction cost control Project supervision Project control Project evaluation Construction camp
	Environmental conditions Physiological limitations
Questions Top>>

General Network analysis Features of network planning Rules for network diagram Procedure for CPM
	Project breakdown Network diagram
		Arrow diagram Circle diagram
	Utility data with respect to time and cost Determination of critical path Activity times and floats
		Significance of floats
	Scheduling
Advantages of CPM Uses of CPM Application of CPM in project management CPM for determining extension of time Difficulties in implementation of the CPM
	Lack of knowledge of the subject Literature on the subject Unwillingness of contractors
		Capital of contractor Expected return on investment Financial soundness of the contractor
Project cost
	Indirect cost
		Fixed indirect cost Variable indirect cost
	Direct cost
Cost-time optimization Cost slope Optimization by crashing Updating an arrow diagram Time–grid diagram method
	Utility of the Time–grid diagram method Advantages of the Time–grid diagram
Programme Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) Percentage of probability PERT network scheduling Slacks of events Negative slack and negative float
	Alternative I Alternative II
Selection of technique Bar charts or Gantt charts Mile–stone charts Resources planning Resource allocation Resource levelling Questions Top>>

General Types of dams
I	Rigid dams or masonry dams
		Requirements of a good site for a rigid dam Foundations of a rigid dam Advantages of masonry dams as compared to earth dams Disadvantages of masonry dams as compared to earth dams Construction details
			Materials of construction Mortar Face masonry Hearting
		Uplift and drainage galleries Causes of failure of masonry dams Types of masonry dams
			Gravity dams Arch dams Multiple arch dams R.C.C. slab and buttress dams
		Comparison of different types of rigid dams
II	Non-rigid dams or earth dams
		Types of earth dams
			Earth dams with core walls Earth dams without core walls
		Theory of earthwork Foundation of an earth dam Section of an earth dam Drainage of earth dam
			Rock toe and filter bed Network of drains Horizontal blanket drains Chimney drains
		Precautions during construction of drains Performance of drains
			Discharge of drains Downstream ground condition
		Closure of dam
			First method Second method
		Materials for earth dam construction Equipments for earth dam Method of construction of earth dam
			Preparation of natural foundation bed Earthwork Core wall and cut-off trench Casting and pitching
		Density control of earth fill
			Compaction Moisture control
		Post construction inspection Protection of upstream slope
			Bitumen sheeting Brick pitching Cement stabilised sand bags Dry stone pitching Grass or seed revetments
		Stability of soils
			Cohesive soils Non-cohesive soils
		Cause of failure of an earth dam
			Construction and maintenance Earthquake Erosion Excessive shear stress Overtopping Percolation leading to piping Slipping of earth banks Sudden draw-down Toe-erosion Water-soluble materials
		Advantages of non-rigid or earth dams
III	Miscellaneous dams
		Composite dams Compound dams Hydraulic fill dams Rock fill dams Steel dams Timber dams
Questions Top>>

General
	Advantages Disadvantages
Trends in multi-storeyed buildings Essential amenities Framed structures
	General Advantages of framed structures
		Thin panels Speed in construction Freedom in planning Use proper materials Better resistant to vibrations Economy in construction
Placing concrete in cold weather
	Curing Formwork Protection Temperature Water-cement ratio
Placing concrete in hot weather
	Addition of chemicals Cooling of materials Deposition of concrete Protection after placing Watering formwork
Points to be observed while supervising R.C.C. work
	Cement Fine aggregate Coarse aggregate Water Proportion Reinforcement Centering Mixing Transporting and placing Consolidation Curing Finishing
Quality control of concrete Repairs and maintenance of concrete structure
	Dry pack method Concrete replacement Mortar replacement by guniting Epoxy mortars
Preparation of concrete surface for repairs Horizontal expansion and vertical expansion Problems of tall buildings
I II III IV V VI	Earthquake effect Fire protection Lifts Living Noise control Services
		Entrance Intermediate open floor Parking Staff accommodation Terrace
VII	Wind effect
		Car parking Components of wind Deflection of the building Dynamic effect Effect of vibrations Wind bracing Windows Wind speed
Precautions to be taken during the construction of multi-storeyed buildings
I II III	Road with heavy traffic Safety of adjoining properties Working in restricted space
Questions Top>>

General Equipments required for erection of steel structures
	Cranes
		Derrick cranes Goliath cranes Swing jib cranes Tower cranes
	Gantries
		Derrick tower gantries Platform gantries Travelling gantries
	Gin poles Hoists Pulley blocks
		Winches Miscellaneous
Joints
	Riveted joints
		Field riveting Inspection Heating Shank material Size and pitch
	Bolted joints Welded joints
		Plastic welding Fusion welding
Electric arc welding Oxy-acetylene welding Thermit welding
	Types of resistance welding Strength of welded joints Defects of welded joints Checking of welded joints
Cost of erection of steel structures Erection procedures of steel structures
I II III IV V VI	Factory shed Multi-storeyed building Water tank towers Portal frames Bins and silos Steel girders for bridges
		Centering Field forces Machinery Measurement of span Selection of method
	Building out from supports Floating Lifting Rolling Staging
Safety rules during erection of steel structures Questions Top>>

Definition Advantages of tunnelling Economics of tunnelling Selection of route
	Geological conditions Right of way
		Alignment restraints Environmental considerations
Tunnel surveying Tunnelling through rock
	Full face method Heading and bench method Cantilever car dump method Drift system Pilot tunnel method
Tunnelling through soft ground
	Forepoling method Needle beam method Five-piece set method Liner plates method Other methods
		Casing method Square sets and lagging method Horse cups method
Methods of tunnelling through sub-aqueous strata
	Shield tunnelling
		Skin plate Cutting edge Hood Inner structure Silt Clay Sand Running sand
	Plenum process or compressed air tunnelling
		Clay Silt Sand Gravel
	Precautions to be taken to maintain the air pressure at desired value
Drainage of tunnels
	Sumps and pumps Grouting Pilot tunnel
Ventilation of tunnels Lighting Shafts
	Drilling Raising Gloryholing
Mucking
	Manual labour Power shovels Mucking machines Tractor loaders
Hauling Lining of tunnels Size and shape of tunnels Questions Top>>

General Uses of compressed air Some definitions
	Absolute pressure Gauge pressure Air compressor Compression ratio Compressor efficiency Volumetric efficiency Isothermal compression Adiabatic compression Absolute temperature Load factor Diversity factor Aftercooler Intercooler Inlet pressure Discharge pressure Theoretical H.P. Brake H.P.
Gas laws Size of pipes Cost of compressed air Compressed air plant
	Air pressure Capacity Flexibility Layout Number Receivers Type of installation
Questions Top>>

General Standard equipments
	Initial investment Purchase period Reliability in operation Repairs Resale value Use
Special equipments Classification of equipments
	Intermittent type Continuous flow type Mixed type
Various types of construction equipments
	Excavating equipments
		Power shovel
Crawler mounted Wheel mounted
	Uses of power shovel Drag line Uses of drag line Back hoe Uses of back hoe Clamp shell Uses of clamp shell Scraper Uses of scraper Bulldozer Uses of bulldozer Transportation equipments
		Belt conveyers Dumpers Hydraulic pumping
	Earth compaction equipments
		Rolling equipments Ramming equipments Vibrating equipments
Selection of equipment Owning and operating construction equipment
	Depreciation
		Straight-line method Constant percentage method Sinking fund method
	Investment Maintenance and repairs Operation For existing equipment For proposed equipment
Economic life of construction equipments
	Depreciation Downtime Inadequacy Normal deterioration Obsolescence Working method
Sources of equipments
	Direct purchase Hiring For trucks For belt conveyor
Questions Top>>

General Causes of construction accidents
	Control of men, equipment and materials Failure of temporary structures Inherent engineering hazards Personal hazards
Classification of construction accidents
	According to the cause of occurrence According to the nature of injury sustained
		Temporary disablement Partial disablement Total disablement Death
	According to the severity of injury
		Minor accident Major accident Accident hazard
Injury-frequency rate Injury-severity rate Injury-index Equivalent time charge Compensation insurance Accident costs
	Tangible costs Intangible costs
Safety programme Rules for preventing construction failures Questions Top>>

General
	Commerce Industry Private services
Functions of management
	Co-ordination of factors of production Innovation Marketing Method of production Organization Risk-taking Selection of business Supervision
Qualities of a good enterpreneur Manager Characteristics of a good manager
	Marketing skill Technical skill Human skill How to be an effective manager
Qualifications of an administrator Conditions essential for carrying on business
	Free and competitive market Mobile labour force Reasonable stability
Meaning of organization Forms of business organization
	Sole proprietorship
		Easy formation Flexibility of operation Incentive to earn more Personal touch Secrecy Speedy action Limited liability Limited resources Overburden Possibility of error Uncertain life
	Partnership business Joint stock company
		Common seal Limited liability of members Perpetual succession Separate legal entity Separation of ownership from management
	Co-operative society State enterprise
Principles of organization
	Control at all levels Co-ordination between different departments Delegation of authority Flexibility in job assignment Instructions to workers Planning of job Relationship between executive and workers
Systems of staff organization
	Line system Line and staff system Functional system
Organization of a construction company Office management Personnel management
	Functional activities Service functions Staff functions Welfare activities
Office discipline
	Control Co-ordination Self-restraint
Levels of management
	Top management Middle management Lower management
Functions of construction management
	Planning Organizing Staffing Directing Controlling
Questions Top>>

General Immobility of labour
	Difficulty of acquiring knowledge Leaving accustomed surroundings Reluctance to enter certain occupations
Theories of wages
	Subsistence theory of wages Wages–fund theory of wages Bargaining theory of wages
Nominal wages and real wages Psychic income Systems of wage payments
	Time wage system Piece wage system
		Balance and debt system Standard hour system
Incentive plans
	Halsey plan Rowan plan Taylor's differential piece wage plan Merrick differential or multiple piece rate plan Emerson's efficiency plan Gantt's task and bonus plan Bedeaux point premium plan Hayne's plan Priestman bonus system Barth variable sharing plan Group incentive plans
Payment by result
	Differential piece rate Group bonus system Piece rate with a guaranteed time wage Premium bonus plans Straight piece-rate
Profit-sharing
	Procedure
		Basis of sharing Net profit Share of workers Share of individual worker Form of distribution
	Advantages Disadvantages
Morale
	Measurement of morals
		Interviews
Guided interview Unguided interview
	Opinion survey
Trade unions
	Functions Advantages
		Bargaining power Economic share Grievances of workers Guarantee of industrial peace Improvement in skill Sense of confidence Voluntary settlement
	Disadvantages
		Artificial shortage of labour High wages New methods of production Non-co-operation with employer
	Trade union and wages
Labour welfare Indian labour
	Absentism Factory conditions Housing Indebtness Migrating character Standard of living Wages Working hours
Questions Top>>

General Types of materials Storage of materials
	Cement Formwork Inflammable materials Plant and machinery Ready articles Steel
Stores
	Project stores Stock stores Divisions Internal transport Layout Location Material chart Sectionalisation Storage of materials Storage of tools and forms Usual facilities Valuable articles
Purchasing department
	Co-operation with other departments Market trends Organization Procedure for purchasing Records
Store keeping
	Ordering Receiving Issuing Accounting Checking Golden rule Issuing materials Maxima and minima Surplus materials Tools and forms
Stock control
	ABC analysis VED analysis
Stages of material management
	Register of reputed suppliers Quantities of materials Preparing the supply schedule Attaching priorities Initiating purchase formalities Placing of orders Inspection Acceptance and issue Use of network schedule
Inventory control Disposal of surplus materials Questions Top>>

General Tools of management control
	Budgetary control Cost control Modern methods
		Cost accounting Production control Responsibility accounting
Economics of engineering structures Financial analysis
	Annual cost method
Benefit cost ratio method Present worth method Rate of return method Scheme A Scheme B Maintenance cost Capitalised depreciation
	For steel reservoir For R.C.C. reservoir
Questions Top>>

General
I	Bits
	(1) (2)	Forged bits Detachable bits Carbide-insert bits
II	Blasting
		Definition Materials for blasting
		(1) (2) (3)	Detonators Explosives Fuses
		Firing charges Vertical and slanted blastholes Precautions in blasting
		(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)	Failure of explosion Line of least resistance Needle and tamper Notice of blasting Retreat to a safe distance Seepage of water Skilled supervision Stemming Storing Transporting explosives
III	Crushed-stone aggregate
		Crushers
		(1)	Primary crushers
			(i) (ii) (iii)	Gyratory crushers Hammer mills Jaw crushers
		(2)	Secondary crushers
			(i) (ii)	Cone crushers Roll crushers
		(3)	Tertiary crushers
			(i) (ii)	Ball mill Rod mill
		Screens
		(1) (2)	Revolving screens Vibrating screens
IV	Drills and drilling
		Types of drills
		(1)	Abrasion drills
			(i) (ii) (iii)	Blasthole drill Diamond drills Shot drills
		(2)	Percussion drills
			(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii)	Churn drills Drifters Jack-hammers Piston drills Stop hammers Tripod drills Wagon drills
		Selection of drilling equipment Selection of drilling pattern Drilling rate
V	Foundation grouting
		Purposes of grouting Necessity of grouting Quantity of grout Materials for grouting
			Asphalt grouting Cement grouting Chemical grouting Clay grouting
		Procedure for grouting
VI	Inflation and deflation
		Inflation
			Credit inflation Currency inflation
		Deflation
VII VIII IX	Operation research Road making machineries Rolling resistance
		Coefficient of traction
X XI	Slip-form construction Stone quarrying
		Definition Site for quarry Important considerations
			Examination of rock surface Layout Men and machines Removal of top surface Structural stability
		Methods of quarrying
		(1)	Quarrying with hand tools
			(i) (ii) (iii)	Digging Heating Wedging
		(2) (3)	Quarrying with channelling machine Quarrying by blasting
XII	Work study
	I	Method study
		(1) (2) (3)	Trouble spots Planning Fact finding
	II	Work measurement or time and motion studies
			Time study
			(1) (2)	Co-ordination Rate of work
			Motion study Utility of time and motion studies
Questions Top>>