The book has been divided into 5 sections namely Engineering Materials, Building Construction (including Earthquake Resistant Structures), Surveying and Levelling, Transportation Engineering and Environmental Engineering (including Global Environmental Problems).
It begins with an Introduction to Engineering and spreads in 45 chapters. It contains:
* 145
* 425Self-explanatory and neatly drawn diagrams
Useful tables
Questions at the end of the chapters
A detailed list of various signs and symbols used in Civil Engineering Drawings (as per Indian Standards) has been included in the Appendix. A very extensive glossary of the key words used in civil engineering has been prepared which would greatly help the students in learning the fundamentals of the subject. Search engine, provided at the end, will facilitate the students to quickly find the topics of their interest.
Almost all topics and sub-topics consist of ‘memory maps’ – the first of their kind. These memory maps consist of key words and will help the readers to crystallize the important points in their minds, thereby helping them to structure their answers in the examinations.
The book almost covers the syllabi prescribed by the various Universities of India for the subjects Elements of Civil Engineering/Basic Civil Engineering and partially that of Material Science and Civil Engineering Graphics.
It would be of immense help to the students preparing for Degree, Diploma or A.M.I.E. Examinations and various Boards of Technical Education. It should also prove a great asset to the students preparing for U.P.S.C. Examinations.
| Price | : | Rs. 250-00 |
| Edition | : | First Edition : 2003 |
| ISBN | : | 81-85594-16-3 |
| Book Size | : | 170 mm × 240 mm |
| Binding | : | Paperback with Four Colour Jacket Cover |
| Pages | : | 704 + 20 |
Chapter 1 : INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING
Part I : ELEMENTS OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS
Chapter 2 : ENGINEERING MATERIALS
Chapter 13 : PAINTS, VARNISHES AND DISTEMPERS
Part II : ELEMENTS OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
Chapter 14 : BUILDINGS AND THEIR CLASSIFICATIONS
Chapter 15 : FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF A BUILDING
Chapter 16 : PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING OF A BUILDING
Chapter 18 : FLOORS AND FLOORINGS
Chapter 19 : DOORS AND WINDOWS
Chapter 22 : LOADS ON A STRUCTURE
Chapter 24 : EARTHQUAKE AND EARTHQYUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURES
Part III : ELEMENTS OF SURVEYING AND LEVELLING
Chapter 25 : BASICS OF SURVEYING
Chapter 26 : TOOLS OF SURVEYING
Chapter 28 : CHAINING AND RANGING
Chapter 29 : LINEAR MEASUREMENTS
Chapter 30 : COMPASS SURVEYING
Chapter 35 : RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN SURVEYING
Part IV : ELEMENTS OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
Chapter 36 : TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
Chapter 37 : DEVELOPMENT OF ROADS IN INDIA
Chapter 38 : HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION
Chapter 39 : TRAFFIC ENGINEERING
Chapter 40 : RAILWAY ENGINEERING
Part V : ELEMENTS OF ENVIROMENTAL ENGINNERING
Chapter 43 : BASICS OF ENVIROMENT
Chapter 45 : GLOBEL ENVIROMENTAL PROBLEMS
APPENDICESChapter 1 : INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING
1-1
1-2
1-3
1-4
1-5
1-6
1-7
Introduction
Engineering and its various branches
Modern engineering trends
Civil engineering and its branches
Civil engineering and basic human needs
Role of a civil engineer
Necessity and role of Indian Standards (I.S.) in civil engineering
Questions
Chapter 2 : ENGINEERING MATERIALS
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-3-1
2-3-2
2-3-3
2-3-4
2-3-5
2-3-6
2-3-7
2-3-8Introduction
Classification of engineering materials
Properties of engineering materials
Mechanical properties
Thermal properties
Electrical properties
Magnetic properties
Chemical properties
Optical properties
Physical properties
Technological properties
Selection of materials
Questions
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-6
3-7
3-7-1
3-7-2
3-7-3
3-7-4
3-7-5
3-7-6
3-7-7
3-8
3-8-1
3-8-2
3-8-3
3-8-4
Introduction
Monomers and polymers
Structure of polymers
Synthesis of polymers
Additives in polymers
Strengthening mechanism of polymers
Plastics
History of plastics
General properties of plastics
Types of plastics
Important types of plastics
Uses of plastics
Manufacturing plastic products
Plastics and the environment
Elastomers (rubber)
Types of rubber
Vulcanization of rubber
Modern manufacturing processes of natural rubber articles
Uses of rubber
Questions
4-1
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-5
4-6
4-7
4-8
4-9
Introduction
Timber as a constructional material
Classification of trees
Soft wood and hard wood
Properties of a good timber
Processing of timber
Market forms of timber
Industrial timber
Indian timber
Questions
5-1
5-2
5-3
5-4
5-5
5-6
Introduction
Ceramics and silicates
Silicate structures
Classification of ceramic material
Properties of ceramic materials
Applications of ceramics
Questions
6-1
6-2
6-2-1
6-2-2
6-2-3
6-3
6-4
Introduction
Classification of rocks
Geological classification of rocks
Physical classification of rocks
Chemical classification of rocks
Requirements of a good building stone
Quarry and quarrying
Questions
7-1
7-2
7-3
7-4
7-5
7-6
7-7
Introduction
Composition of brick earth
Harmful ingredients of brick earth
Manufacture of bricks
Properties of good bricks
Classification of bricks
Tests for bricks
Questions
8-1
8-2
8-3
8-4
8-5
Introduction
Ingredients of tiles
Manufacturing process of tiles
Uses of tiles
Characteristics of a good tile
Questions
9-1
9-2
9-3
9-4
9-5
9-6
Introduction
Desirable properties of refractories
Classification of refractories
Manufacture of refractories
Uses of refractories
High temperature refractory materials
Questions
10-1
10-2
10-3
10-4
10-5
10-6
10-7
Introduction
Chemical composition of ordinary cement
Cement compounds
Manufacture of cement
Production of cement
Testing of cement
Types of cement
Questions
11-1
11-2
11-3
11-4
11-5
11-6
11-7
11-8
11-9
11-10
Introduction
Ingredients of concrete
Reinforced cement concrete
Prestressed cement concrete
Requirements of a good concrete
Water-cement ratio
Workability
Curing
Grades of concrete
Concrete as a construction material
Questions
12-1
12-2
12-3
12-4
12-5
12-6
12-7
Introduction
Composition of glass
Classification of glass
Properties of glass
Manufacture of glass
Types of commercial glass
Special types of glasses
Questions
Chapter 13 : PAINTS, VARNISHES AND DISTEMPERS
13-1
13-2
13-3
13-4
Introduction
Paints
Varnishes
Distempers
Questions
Chapter 14 : BUILDINGS AND THEIR CLASSIFICATIONS
14-1
14-2
14-3
14-4
14-5
14-6
14-7
14-8
Introduction to buildings
Classification of buildings according to national building code (nbc)
Urban buildings
Rural buildings
Load bearing structures
Framed structures
Composite structures
Comparison of load bearing structures and framed structures
Questions
Chapter 15 : FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF A BUILDING
15-1
15-2
15-3
15-4
15-4-1
15-4-2
15-4-3
15-4-4
15-4-5
15-4-6
15-4-7
15-4-8
Introduction
Basic requirements of a building
Components of a building with their basic requirements
Requirements of various buildings
Requirements of a residential building
Requirements of a hostel
Requirements of a hotel
Requirements of a school
Requirement of a library
Requirements of a shopping centre
Requirements of an industrial building
Requirements of banks
Questions
Chapter 16 : PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING OF BUILDING
16-1
16-2
16-3
16-4
16-5
16-6
16-6-1
16-6-2
Introduction
Principles of planning
Practical considerations
Orientation criteria under Indian conditions
Optimum orientation of buildings
Vaastu shilpa shaastra
Principles of site selection according to vaastu shaastra
Principles of planning according to vaastu shaastra
Questions
17-1
17-2
17-3
17-4
17-5
17-6
17-6-1
17-6-2
17-6-3
17-6-4
17-6-5
17-6-6
17-6-7
17-6-8
17-6-9
Introduction
Fundamentals of brick masonry
Necessity of a proper bond
Principles of a good bond in brick work
General principles for brick masonry
Bonds in brick work
Stretcher bond
Header bond
English bond
Flemish bond
Garden wall bond
Raking bond
Dutch bond
English cross bond
Facing bond
Questions
Chapter 18 : FLOORS AND FLOORINGS
18-1
18-2
18-3
18-4
18-5
Introduction
Fundamentals of flooring
Factors affecting the choice of flooring materials
Construction of ground floors
Construction of upper floors
Questions
Chapter 19 : DOORS AND WINDOWS
19-1
19-2
19-3
19-4
19-5
Introduction
Location of doors and windows
Technical terms
Types of doors
Types of windows
Questions
20-1
20-2
20-3
20-4
Introduction
Technical terms used in stairs
Requirements of a good staircase
Types of stairs
Questions
21-1
21-2
21-3
21-4
21-5
Introduction
Requirements of a good roof
Fundamentals of roofs
Classification of roofs
Roof coverings for pitched roofs
Questions
Chapter 22 : LOADS ON A STRUCTURE
22-1
22-2Introduction
Types of loads
Questions
23-1
23-2
23-3
23-4
23-5
23-6
23-7
23-8
23-9
23-10
23-11
Introduction
Functions of foundation
Requirements of a good foundation
Types of foundations
Shallow foundations
Dimension detailing of shallow foundations
Deep foundations
Necessity of deep foundations / pile foundations
Different types of deep foundations
Machine foundation
Causes of failure of foundations
Questions
Chapter 24 : EARTHQUAKE AND EARTHQYUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURES
24-1
24-2
24-3
24-4
24-5
24-6
24-7
24-8
24-9
24-10
24-11
Introduction
Fundamentals of an earthquake
Classification of an earthquake
Causes of earthquakes
Effects of an earthquake
Predicting earthquakes
Earthquake statistics
Seismic map of India
Earthquake resistant structures
General design principles of earthquake resistant structures
Earthquake: Do’s and Don’ts
Questions
Chapter 25 : BASICS OF SURVEYING
25-1
25-2
25-2-1
25-2-2
25-3
25-4
Introduction
Primary divisions of surveying
Plane surveying
Geodetic surveying
Classification of surveying
Principles of surveying
Questions
Chapter 26 : TOOLS OF SURVEYING
26-1
26-2Introduction
Various instruments of surveying
Questions
27-1
27-2Introduction
Different types of scales
Questions
Chapter 28 : CHAINING AND RANGING
28-1
28-2
28-3
28-4
28-5
28-6
28-7
28-8
Introduction
Fundamentals of chain surveying
Selection of survey stations
Instruments required in a chain survey
Procedure for carrying out chain survey
Entering data in a field-book
Ranging
Different types of ranging
Questions
Chapter 29 : LINEAR MEASUREMENTS
29-1
29-2
29-3
29-4
29-5
29-6
29-7
29-7-1
29-7-2
29-7-3
29-7-4
29-7-5
29-8
Introduction
Methods of linear measurements
Chaining on a plain ground
Chaining on a slopping ground
Obstacles in linear measurement
Numericals: Related to obstacles in chaining and ranging
Errors in linear measurement
Sources of errors
Nature of errors
Various types of errors
Summary of corrections
Testing and adjusting the chain
Numericals: Related to errors in linear measurement
Questions
Chapter 30 : COMPASS SURVEYING
30-1
30-2
30-3
30-4
30-5
30-6
30-7
30-8
30-9
30-9-1
30-10
30-10-1
30-10-2
30-11
30-12
30-12-1
30-12-2
30-13
30-14
30-15
30-16
Introduction
Fundamentals of compass surveying
Traverse
Meridians
Bearing
Methods of designating the bearings
Fore bearing and back bearing
Calculation of included angles from bearings
Magnetic compass
Temporary adjustments of a compass
Magnetic declination
Determination of true bearing from magnetic declination
Variation of the magnetic declination
Local attraction
Chain and compass survey
Plotting of a compass survey
Closing error
Steps to solve the closed traverse in compass surveying
Typical problems on compass surveying
Steps to solve an open traverse in compass surveying
Few important comparisons
Questions
31-1
31-2
31-3
31-3-1
31-3-2
31-4
31-5
31-5-1
31-5-2
31-6
31-7
31-8
Introduction
Fundamentals of levelling
Instruments used for levelling
Level
Levelling staff
Benchmarks
Classification of levelling
Direct levelling
Indirect levelling
Temporary adjustments of a dumpy level
Calculation of reduced level
Typical problems
Questions
32-1
32-2
32-3
32-4
32-4-1
32-4-2
32-5
32-6
32-7
Introduction
Fundamentals of contouring
Factors affecting the contour interval
Methods of location of contour
Direct method
Indirect methods
Contour of natural features
Characteristics of contours
Uses of contour maps
Questions
33-1
33-2
33-3
33-3-1
33-3-2
33-3-3
33-3-4
33-3-5
33-4
33-5
33-6Introduction
Methods of area computation
Planimeter
Parts of an amsler polar planimeter
Working of a planimeter
Zero circle
Computation of area of zero circle
Determination of multiplying constant M
Methods of volume computation
Estimation of reservoir capacity
Summary of the formulae
Questions
34-1
34-2
34-3
34-4
34-5
34-6Introduction
Types of theodolite
Essential parts of a theodolite
Fundamentals of a theodolite
Temporary adjustments of theodolite
Angular measurements by a theodolite
Questions
Chapter 35 : RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN SURVEYING
35-1
35-2
35-3
35-4
35-4-1
35-4-2Introduction
Necessity of electronic distance meter
Electronic Distance Meter (E.D.M.)
Remote sensing
Working principle of remote sensing
Applications of remote sensing
Questions
Chapter 36 : TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
36-1
36-2
36-3
36-4
36-4-1
36-4-2
36-4-3
36-4-4Introduction
Role and importance of transportation in national development
Comparison of different modes of transportation
Different modes of transportation
Airways
Waterways
Railways
Roadways/highways
Questions
Chapter 37 : DEVELOPMENT OF ROAD IN INDIA
37-1
37-2
37-3
37-4
Introduction
Major road development plans
Classification of roads
Minor classification of roads
Questions
Chapter 38 : HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION
38-1
38-2
38-3
38-4
38-5
38-6
38-6-1Introduction
Highway materials
Highway pavements
Functions of pavement components
Cross-sectional elements of highway
Low cost roads
Different types of low cost roads
Questions
Chapter 39 : TRAFFIC ENGINEERING
39-1
39-2
39-3
39-4Introduction
Objectives of traffic engineering
Traffic surveys
Traffic control devices
Questions
Chapter 40 : RAILWAY ENGINEERING
40-1
40-2
40-3
40-4
40-5
40-6Introduction
Comparison of railways and roadways
Classification of Indian railways
Classification of Indian railways based on Speed Criterion
Railway track/permanent way
Parts of a railway track/permanent way
Questions
41-1
41-2
41-3
41-4Introduction
Components of a bridge
Types of bridges
Bridge planning and construction
Questions
42-1
42-2
42-3
42-4
42-5Introduction
Different types of tunnels
Modern tunnelling methods
Hazards of tunnel construction
Famous tunnels of the world
Questions
Chapter 43 : BASICS OF ENVIROMENT
43-1
43-2
43-3
43-4
43-5
43-6
43-7
43-8
43-9
43-10
43-11
43-12
Introduction
Fundamentals of environment
Components of environment
Biodiversity
Ecosystem and its components
Ecosystem and its various types
Ecological pyramids
Biomagnification
The biosphere and its functioning
Role of various species in an ecosystem
Ecological balance
Role of forests in maintaining the ecological balance
Questions
44-1
44-2
44-3
44-3-1
44-3-2Introduction
Various types of resources
Energy sources
Conventional energy sources
Non-conventional energy sources
Questions
Chapter 45 : GLOBEL ENVIROMENTAL PROBLEMS
45-1
45-2
45-3
45-3-1
45-3-2
45-3-3
45-3-4
45-3-5
45-3-6
45-4
45-5
45-5-1
45-5-2
45-5-3
45-6
Introduction
Pollution and pollutants
Various types of pollutions
Air pollution
Water pollution
Noise pollution
Land pollution
Thermal pollution
Population pollution
Human interference in the ecological balance
Global environmental problems
Ozone depletion
Green house effect
Acid rain
Individual’s role in curbing the environmental problems
Questions
APPENDIX A Signs and symbols for civil enginnering drawings A-1 Signs and symbols for civil engineering drawings (as per I.S.: 962-1967) Table A-1
Table A-2
Table A-3
Table A-4
Table A-5
Table A-6
Table A-7
Table A-8
Table A-9
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:SYMBOLS FOR VARIOUS MATERIALS (IN SECTION)
TYPES OF LINES AND THEIR USES
SYMBOLS FOR WINDOWS
SYMBOLS FOR DOORS
SYMBOLS FOR ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
SYMBOLS FOR SANITARY INSTALLATIONS
SYMBOLS FOR FITMENTS
SYMBOLS FOR LAND SURVEYING
SPECIMENS OF NORTH DIRECTIONAPPENDIX B Glossary APPENDIX C
Conversion factors in measurements Table C-1
Table C-2
Table C-3
Table C-4:
:
:
:LENGTH
AREA
VOLUME
WEIGHT